Indian citizens who want to travel abroad require an Indian passport, which is an official document issued by the Government of India, as a means of identity and travel authorization. It permits entry and departure to and from foreign countries by confirming the holder's identity and Indian nationality.
The Indian passport is issued by the Ministry of External Affairs of the Republic of India and serves as proof of Indian citizenship under the Passports Act (1967).
There are three main types of passports that are issued to individuals by the Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India and they are mentioned below:
Regular Indian citizens who plan to go outside for a variety of reasons, including business or leisure, are granted the ordinary passport, commonly referred to as a Type P passport. These passports are easily identified by their navy-blue color and are mainly used for leisure travel, including work, education, vacation, and other types of travel.
Out of all the other kinds of passports, the White Passport is one that is particularly authoritative. Only Indian government officials who are qualified to go abroad on official business are granted this passport. Customs and immigration authorities can quickly recognize government officials and treat them with the necessary formality due to its distinctive white cover, which acts as a formal visual signal.
As the name indicates, government employees and diplomats who are going abroad on official business are issued an official or diplomatic passport. These passports, which are clearly identified by their characteristic white cover, are only available to those who work for the government.
With the introduction of the orange-colored passport in 2018, there was a major change in the way Indian passports were issued. By removing the address page from Indian passports, this modification signaled a break from the conventional passport design. The final passport differs significantly from the ones that were in circulation for a number of years. These updated passports include clear pages and a stylish, attractive appearance.
The following documents are required:
The following are the eligibility criteria that should be fulfilled:
To apply for an Indian passport, you must follow the steps given below:
After completing your application, you can use the official portal to track its status:
To renew an expired Indian passport, you must follow the steps given below:
If you want to reschedule or cancel your appointment, you can follow the simple steps mentioned below:
The materials needed are the same ones needed if the application is filed following the normal procedure. It is important to note that applicants do not need to show evidence of urgency in order for out-of-turn passports to be issued under the Tatkaal system.
Furthermore, applicants need to be informed that after the passport is issued, police verification will take place under both the normal and Tatkaal systems.
As mentioned earlier, the Ministry of External Affairs works through the Central Passport Organization (CPO) and its network of Passport Offices, Passport Seva Kendras (PSKs) in the country and through embassies and consulates outside India for the issuance of passports and other passport-related services.
The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) is the government arm that takes care of the issuance of passports, re-issue of the document or other miscellaneous services, the ministry is in charge.
The Ministry of External Affairs' Consular, Passport and Visa Division is responsible for passport issue. Applications for official and diplomatic passports are processed by the CPV in Patiala House in New Delhi.
District Passport Cells, Speed Post Centers and Citizen Service Centers can only process applications for fresh passports and not re-issue, Tatkaal or other cases.
The materials required are the same as those required if the application is submitted in accordance with standard protocol. It's crucial to remember that under the Tatkaal system, applicants can get out-of-turn passports without having to provide proof of urgency. Additionally, applicants must be aware that both the regular and Tatkaal systems will require police verification following passport issuance.
Seva Laghu Kendras are similar to PSKs in that they provide similar services, but they are limited to particular areas, such as the east and northeast. They reduce the amount of work that PSKs in these areas—which handle applications from many jurisdictions—have to do. In India, there are sixteen PSLKs, however their operations deviate from the PPP model. They are entirely under the jurisdiction, management, and construction of the government.
Passports are issued, impounded, or rejected by Passport Offices and Regional Passport Offices. All back-end passport-related processes and services are handled by the POs. They are in charge of PSKs. Passport applications are processed, printed, and mailed. Dealing with the MEA, the state police, and the state administration falls under their purview. Additionally, they are in charge of RTI, financial, and legal operations. In India, there are 37 passport offices.
The MEA works through about 180 Indian Missions / Posts for the issuance of passports outside India. These include Indian Embassies, High Commissions and Consulates.
Indian passports are valid for ten years and are issued to regular citizens of the nation. The validity is limited to a maximum of five years for a minor.
Type P passports are regular passports which are issued to ordinary citizens of the country. It can be used to travel to foreign countries for personal trips, business trips, educational purposes, etc. In Type P passports, ‘P’ stands for ‘personal’.
Before applying for a passport, the applicant must send a "Prior Intimation" (PI) letter to the responsible party. To expedite the application process, this is required. The rest of the steps are basically the same as what citizens of other countries have to do.
You must go to Passport Seva's official website and select "Track Application Status" in order to find out the status of your application. Next, select the application type and input your date of birth and file number. Finally, select "Track Status."
The passport holder can update the address by applying for a re-issue. The person can do it online or offline according to their convenience.
To complete the final step of the passport application procedure, a person must go to the Passport Seva Kendra (PSK) on the scheduled appointment day. At Passport Seva Kendra, the passport application is finally verified and approved.
The ECR and ECNR denote whether the passport holder needs emigration clearance for travelling to the specific 18 countries listed by the Government of India. The information regarding the status of ECR/ECNR is provided on the second page of the passport.
When a normal application is filed, the passport is issued to the applicant within 30-45 days while if the application is made under the Tatkaal mode, it issued within 7-14 days.
No, a permanent address is not mandatory while applying for an Indian passport. However, the applicant must provide the current address shown in the issued passport.
India’s passport has improved in the 2025 Henley Passport Index, moving up from 85th to 77th place. This means Indian citizens can now travel to 59 countries without needing a visa in advance. Countries like Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Maldives allow visa-free entry, while others, such as Sri Lanka, Macau, and Myanmar offer a visa on arrival. India’s ranking improved a lot in 2025, which shows growing international ties and better travel freedom for Indian passport holders. Meanwhile, Singapore has the world’s strongest passport with access to 193 countries. Japan and South Korea are close behind with access to 190 countries. In third position, seven European countries including, France, Germany, and Spain, provide access to 189 countries to their citizens. At the bottom of the list is Afghanistan, with access to just 25 countries.
External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar announced important updates to the Passport Seva Programme, including the launch of e-passports across India. The new system, called Passport Seva Programme Version 2.0, is active in the entire country. Testing for the global version of this system has also started and will be introduced step by step in Indian embassies and consulates around the world. These e-passports come with an electronic chip that stores personal details such as name, photo, date of birth, and biometric data like fingerprints. This chip will help in preventing fraud and speed up immigration checks at airports. To apply, users need to register on the Passport Seva portal, fill out the form, pay the fee, and visit the passport office for verification.
India is preparing to implement a Battery Passport system in a major step to improve safety, quality, and worldwide competitiveness in the Electric Vehicle (EV) ecosystem. Aiming to digitally record the complete lifecycle of EV batteries, including their origin, performance, composition, and recycling pathway, the initiative is presently being considered by NITI Aayog in cooperation with important ministries and government departments. Battery passports will be required for EV and industrial batteries with a capacity greater than 2 kWh starting in February 2027, according to the European Union's Battery Regulation. Customers will also need battery passports because batteries represent over 40% of the entire cost of an EV.
The first Passport Seva Kendra in eastern Ahmedabad, in Bapunagar, was opened on 7 July 2025. The centre was shifted from Mithakali to Bapunagar to expand the passport services in the area. The centre was officially opened by KJ Srinivasa, the Joint Secretary of the PSP (Passport Seva Programme) and Chief Passport Officer. The facility offers enhanced services and will serve the residents of the Ahmedabad East parliamentary constituency.
The upgraded version of the Indian passport was launched under the Passport Seva Programme (PSP) on 24 June 2025. The External Affairs Minister, Dr. S. Jaishankar, rolled out Passport Seva 2.0 on the 13th Passport Seva Divas, nationwide. The advanced technology integrated into the passport helps provide enhanced security against forgery and streamlines the process. The new passport is also compliant with the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organisation) standards. The new upgraded passports will be rolled out in phases, according to the latest reports.
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